Cupraminetrade is superior to copper sulfate chloride amp citrate it is non acidic less toxic to fish remains in solution and does not contaminate the filter bedr it is superior to chelatesr it is fully charged ionic and active at low concentrations and is removable with carbonr directionsr r remove all invertebratesr turn off uv sterilizer remove chemical filtrationr use 1 ml top mark of enclosed dispenser per 40 l 105 gallons the first day wait 48 hours then repeat